New IIHS Evaluation Method Reduces Neck Injuries in SUVs

The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) has introduced a new evaluation method for seats and head restraints, targeting the reduction of neck injuries from rear-end collisions. This AI-driven prior authorization process assessed 18 small SUVs and found only four models achieved a "good" rating. The Audi Q3, Hyundai Ioniq 5, Subaru Forester, and Toyota RAV4 led the pack, while other models varied in regulatory compliance and safety effectiveness.

Performance Ratings and Industry Impact

The Buick Encore GX, Chevrolet Equinox, Honda CR-V, Jeep Compass, Kia Sportage, Mercedes-Benz GLB-Class, Mitsubishi Outlander, Volkswagen Taos, and Volvo XC40 earned an “acceptable” rating. The BMW X1 and Nissan Rogue received a "marginal" rating, showing discrepancies in regulatory compliance requirements. In contrast, the Ford Bronco Sport, Hyundai Tucson, and Mazda CX-50 were rated "poor," raising concerns over their underwriting strategies in claims and risk management.

Advancements in Safety Evaluations

IIHS President David Harkey underscored the new testing protocols, stating that neck injuries are the most commonly reported issues in U.S. auto insurance claims. The new AI-driven testing includes a simulated rear impact using a sled to provide comprehensive risk management insights. Using a test dummy with an articulated spine, the evaluation measures metrics related to regulatory compliance and safety performance.

Enhanced Evaluation Metrics

Previously, the head restraint evaluation was retired in 2022 after most vehicles met the "good" standard. However, discrepancies in insurance claims led IIHS to refine the process. By analyzing various metrics at different speeds, the evaluation aims to uncover variations in provider protection and improve overall safety standards in automotive design.

Comprehensive Safety Assessment

The latest assessments consider head contact time, pelvis displacement, and head-restraint interaction. The evaluation measures support for the head and spine and evaluates how well the head restraint manages crash energy. Good-rated vehicles showed strong correlation with lower injury claim rates, enhancing carrier options in claims.

Marcy Edwards, a senior research engineer at IIHS, noted that while whiplash injuries remain complex, reducing specific movements should mitigate real-world injuries. The new evaluation provides actionable insights, prompting manufacturers to optimize their design and engineering strategies for enhanced safety. This shift is pivotal for both insurance carriers and automotive manufacturers, potentially reducing underwriting complexities and improving regulatory compliance.